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<span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class=""><font size="2" class="">Dear colleagues,</font></span>
<div class="" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="caret-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); color: rgb(34, 34, 34); text-align: justify;" class="">**Apologies for Multiple Posting**</span></div>
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<div class="" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2" class="">The Goldschmidt 2021 abstract deadline is approaching (<b class="">26nd February, 23:59 CET</b>) and we would like to draw your attention to <b class="">theme 2 “Mantle
and Core”</b>, and in particular to<b class=""> session 02f</b>:</font></div>
<div class="" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><b class=""><font size="2" class="">“Ancient Mantle Heterogeneities Through Time: From Observations to Modelling”</font></b></div>
<div class="" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><font color="#205aff" class="" size="2"><a href="https://protect-au.mimecast.com/s/ei8LCq71mwfqlWwgCZKb1q?domain=2021.goldschmidt.info" class="">https://2021.goldschmidt.info/goldschmidt/2021/meetingapp.cgi/Program/1032</a></font></span></div>
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<div class="" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><font size="2" class=""><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" class="">Conveners</span></b><span lang="EN-US" class="">: Jonas Tusch, Andrea Mundl-Petermeier, Bradley Peters and Anna Gülcher</span></font></div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" class="">Keynote: </span></b><span lang="EN-US" class="">Vinciane Debaille (Universite´Libre de Bruxelles)<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" class="">Invited speakers: </span></b><span lang="EN-US" class="">Charitra Jain (GFZ-Potsdam) and Doyeon Kim (University of Maryland) </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b class="" style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US" class="">Description: </span></b><span lang="EN-US" class="">Geodynamic processes on Earth have been active since our planet’s formation and have continuously led to differentiation
and homogenization of mantle and crust. However, evidence from short-lived nuclide decay systems (e.g. <sup class="">129</sup>I–<sup class="">129</sup>Xe, <sup class="">182</sup>Hf–<sup class="">182</sup>W, and <sup class="">146</sup>Sm–<sup class="">142</sup>Nd)
indicates that ancient mantle heterogeneities formed during the earliest stages of Earth’s evolutionary history may have been preserved until the present day. Recent studies demonstrated that these primordial heterogeneities are not only preserved in Archean
mantle-derived rocks and archived in ancient crustal assemblages (e.g. TTG), but are also present in Phanerozoic mantle-derived rocks. In particular, the compositional variability in young igneous rocks, together with geophysical evidence for the presence
of seismic heterogeneities in the deep mantle (e.g., LLSVPs, ULVZs) clearly demonstrate that the modern silicate mantle is surprisingly heterogeneous and may actively exchange material with the core, a conclusion that would have profound consequences for global
geochemical mass balances. Resolving the discrepancy between a well-stirred mantle and the long-term preservation of ancient heterogeneity is one of the key challenges in the Earth Sciences. Even though the rock record provides samples that preserve the geochemical
signatures of their parental sources, it remains challenging to reconstruct the evolutionary pathway of the silicate Earth to its present-day state. Integration of geochemical observations, computational models, and geophysical data is required to resolve
the relationship between modern, observed heterogeneity and the distant past. <br class="">
We encourage specialized and interdisciplinary contributions that address the properties of the silicate Earth through time using geochemistry, experimental petrology, geophysical techniques, and/or numerical modeling. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" class=""><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" class="">Important: </span></b><span lang="EN-US" class=""><font color="#000000" class="">If you are not planning to attend Goldschmidt, no problem. The conference offers a hybrid format
which combines an onsite meeting for delegates who can travel to Lyon with an online meeting for those who cannot. So, it is also possible to present your research online. </font><br class="">
<font color="#000000" class="">As circumstances around travel will evolve in the coming months, the organizing committee </font><u class="">offers participants as much flexibility and time as possible to decide how to attend</u><font color="#000000" class="">.
Changing from online to onsite attendance or vice-versa will still be possible until early May. More information is provided on the website.</font><br class="">
<font color="#205aff" class=""><a href="https://protect-au.mimecast.com/s/JoLCCr81nytgo9JytzDnpi?domain=2021.goldschmidt.info" class="">https://2021.goldschmidt.info/goldschmidt/2021/meetingapp.cgi/ModuleMeetingInfo/Format</a></font></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><font size="2" class="">We hope to see you all in Lyon, or online,</font></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><font size="2" class="">Andrea, Bradley, Jonas, and Anna</font></span></p>
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